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Ƣθѧ˵Ϊҽ۵Ҫ γɹ

Ƣθѧ˵ҽ۵Ҫɲ֣ ǰ Ƣθܡ ص㡢 Ƣθؼ ҩڵһϵ Ƶѧ˵ƣ Ƣθѧ˵Ҳγɹ̣ ʱڵƢθѧ˵ǺƢθ ѧ˵չԴȪ

ϼƪ֮Դ

سǰ Ƣθδγɣ Ѵ ʶƢθҪԡ Ĺ йƢθļǶϼƪ ֻƬ ֮пɼһߡ · ƪƣ “ʳ ˺θ ༲ ʥ ȡ Ի ˵֮” [1] ͨ ıʳϰθʷ ̳ļ мأ “ϲ ” ּأ “ м” ļ ˿֤Ϊ “ν ʹ” [2] ɳпȷ ʯķ ѱӦã ָҽʩΡ ·аоȷ “аƢθ 㲻 㣬 кȣ Ե” Ƣθ ķ

Ƣθ̬

1. ״Ƣθ̬ Ƶھ롶 ʱڣ Ƣθۿʼγɣ Ƣθ̬״ “θ ֮ 磬 һ磬 磬 ” ·θ Լ “Ƣض 磬 磬 ɢ Ѫ ࣬ ” Ѿ·ʮѡ [3]133 Ǵʱҽ ͨƢθԭʼʵֵġ ڴ˻ϣ Ƣθ Ƶʵγɡ

2. ƢθˮȾ΢ ΪѪ֮Դ Ƣ θˮȾ΢۹۵㣬 ͬ׼ڡƵ “Ƣθߣ ֮٣ ζ” · صۡ ǶƢθ˹ܵĸ߶ȸ “ʳ θ ɢڸΣ ڽ ʳθ ģ ڷΣ γ 侫Ƥ ë” “θ 羫 Ƣ Ƣɢ ڷΣ ͨˮ ס ˮIJ 徭” ·ۡ ȫϵͳˮȾ 䲼̡ “θߣ ˮ֮ ֮ԴҲ” · رۡ ȷָƢθ˻תˮ Ⱦ΢Ĺܡ

Ƶھɼ Ѫʳ ˮȻ Ƣθˮ֮ ԣ ƢθΪ Ѫ֮Դ ·Ի “нȡ֭ 仯࣬ νѪ” زƢθһ ܡ ·Ӫƪƣ “ڹȣ θ ԴΣ ⋯⋯ ߣ ɣ Һ 侫΢ ע ˻Ϊ Ѫ Īڴ” · ̫ƪ ƣ “֫θ Ƣ ˵ Ҳ” ɴ˿ɼ θˮȣ ΪอѪ֮ Դ ȻҪͨƢ˻ ܰˮȾ΢䲼 ֫ٺ Ӫá Ѫ Ƣθ໥Эͬ²ŵԻ ˣ Ƶ γƢθˮȾ΢ ΪѪ֮Դ ۡ

3. Ƣ⣬ ڿڣ ־Ϊ˼ · ۡ Ի “Ƣ֮” ·Ӧָۡ “Ƣ” · ָ̫ۡ “֫ θ” ˵Ѿʶ弡顢 ֫˶Ƣθء ·ȡ ԣ “Ƣ ͨڿڣ Ƣ֪ζ” ·Ӧ ۡгƣ “Ƣ⋯⋯Ϊ” Ƣ ϵ ·ӦۡлƢ “־Ϊ˼” ϶Ƣ뾫ϵ ͨ Ƶھ жƢθܵ Dzѿ ƢθˮȾ΢ĹΪ ֮Ѫ ͬʱͨƢθ֫ ϵ ֮ѪԳ֫ٺ ҲΪ ˵ƢθΪ֮ԨԴ ·ʮѡƢѪ ҲΪƢͳѪ ۵γɵ춨Ҫ

ƢθIJ

ƵھѴƢθIJ ·ۡƣ “ʳԱ θ ” ·ͨۡ ԣ “ζᣬ Ƣ˾ ζ̣ ͣ ̼ ֣ ζڸʣ ɫڣ ⣻ ζڿ࣬ Ƣ妣 θ˺ ζ ڳڣ ” ˵ʳڿԵƢθķ ·Ӧۡ Ի “˼Ƣ” · Ի “ƢǶ⣬ ң ֧٣ ë ɫز ڴ” ָ־Ƣθ ·ҪۡԻ “ʪ Ƣ” “̫֮ ʪ˾٣ ʳ ” ָаƢθӰ졣 ƢθIJ仯 · ̫ۡ е “ʵ ” Ƣ顢 θʵ IJص㡣

Ƣθ֤ ͡ Ƣ θ֢״ “вߣ ⋯⋯ θ룬 ˮͣ Ż 壣 ˡ θк ʱෳ ʹ ʳ ʳ ʹ θ֧ ϻ” [4] ˷纮θ θ ֮θʹ֢״ Դۡ Ϊص㣬 ʮһ ר “Ƣθ ” “ƢͲ” “θ” “ߺ” Ƣθ֤ ͬʱ˷Ƣθ֮ ໥ϵ “θܹȶƢĥ֮ ƽ Ȼ ʳ ʵȣ ˮȲ ͣ й ʳ ν֮ƢθͲʳҲ” [5]322 Ƣθ֢״ ҿ˴Ӳ ǶоƢθ֤; ҲʷΪ ϵͳĹƢθļء

Ƣθ

1. Ƣθ˼ Ƣθ˼ ھ “ʵ ” ֣ ijЩ ƪУ Ƣθѷֿۡ · ʱۡᵽ “Ƣʪ ʳ֮” “Ƣ ʳԻ֮ ÿк֮ ʲ֮” Ƣԭ ·ۡ ƣ “θԲ ֮” ˹θҩơ ڴ˻ϣ ˺֤ۡһչ һ˼룬 硶֤ΡнIJ صΪ “θʵ” [6]146 γԭIJͬ Ϊ̫ ȷ巨 η Ͷ԰׻  ̫֤ Ρ У ̫֤ӳIJص麮 в  [6]175 ̫ һһȣ һһʵ ӳʵƢθۡ 2. Ƣθ֤γ Ƶھ ϣ ˺Ӳۡ״ȷƢθ֤ Ρ У ˺ཱུۡΪ ʲΪ Ϊ ʻΪ Ϊ Ϊ ԭ [7] Ҫ· อȺ󲡡 “ļ Ƣа ֮” [8]3 ˵βʵ Ƣθ֮ʢ˥֤֮ڷβеҪá պ뾰оอҩҪӦ ζкͷ飬 อʵ к [9] У Ƣಡ֤IJд Ƣ СƢ кƢ СкƢ ֤ Ƣ ƴ˼ ǧҪε ֤ģʽ “಻㣬 θ” [10]298 ͬʱ ˼ϱ֤ʩۣ ʳƷҩ Ʒϡ ǧҪ ·ʳ·ۡ “Ϊҽߣ ȶԴ ֪ ʳ֮ ʳƲ Ȼҩ” [10]463 Ƣ֤ ĵ Ϊ

3. Ƣθѧ˵ڶơеӦý߳ Դۡ۶255 硶Դ ·Сָ “Сʼ ʢ ͣ ΢֮” [5]678 “Сอ֮ ʵ” [5]679 “С 䳦θۣ ʤ ҩ” [5]710 ָСƢθƷ ص㡣 ǧҪ·СӤ淽· ߡУ ˫С “ʳ” µ “ ͷʹ ʳ Сʹ С ” [10]107 â “Сʳ̵ Ȳʳ” [10]108 ǧҪ ·Ƣ෽ · С ʮ “С»” µ “ˮ θ 䡢 Ŀݡ Ż” [10]295 ȣ Կɼ ǧҪ нϸСƢθ֢ ƴǮҶСƢθ ֤ ϸܽᣬ “Ƣθ˥ ֫٣ а ” [11]25 ǿƢθСϵҪԡ ڡС ҩֱ֤У ᡢ ʳ к ͡ ֤ȲҪƢθΣ Ϊ ԡ 㡢 ײ ҹҲƢθй [12] ӦƢθ Ρ ηϲȵƢθ ʹָ 䱾 ǮƢθʵ֣֮ ʵ֤ʳ 衢 ƢΪʪ ʧȣ ֤Ƣθ ˻ʧ˾ ݡ·ʱۡУ “Ƣߣ ء Ƽ 㲻ա Ư ʹ й ʳ” Ǯ “Ƣ ʵ ˯ ˮ к” [11]3 “Ƣ” ѧ ˼롣 һۣ ǮҴƵIJƢ Ƣ һζղ Ƣθ ݵ ɢ Ƣɢ Ƥ 㡢 ڭӡ Ƥ ݣ һζƢ֮Ʒ

ƴҳƸơ Ƽʱ ͬӵƢθ Ϊ “ʳ ѵ ” [13]472 “θ ʳ£ 棬 ʳҲ” [13]576 ָŮ Ӧעع˻ Ƣθ

4. ˻Ƣθ˼ᴩʼ

4.1 ʵƢΪԤƢ֮ Ƶھй Ƣθ֤Ԥ ԸΪ “ʳ ζ ־ ʺ” 磬 ·ʦ ԣ “ʳߣ ƣ ޲ײס ʣ ֣ ˲аƧ Ҳ” · ءƣ “ºȣ Բ ͨ ֫ڵð” [14] پ̳кͷչ Ѿ “֮ ֪ε֮Ƣ ʵƢ” [3]220 ˼룬 Ҫ·อȺ֤һ “ δߣ ֮ ֪δƢ ʵƢ” [8]3 “й ഫ ֮ ʵƢ ΩθҲ” [8]3 ˵ еˡ ϵڷμĴ䣬 һӦڸƢϱֵΪͻ Ƣ ֮䣬 Ƣʵܴ ԣ Ƹβʱ Ƕȳ ƢʵƢ ԵΪҪ 4.2 ƢθΪƼ֮ ͳƣ ˺ۡ طУ øʲ71 ô39 ˲20 þ5 صڲƢθ [15] Ҫԡ ͬӶƢθĹ˻ 硶Ҫ·Ѫ ֤εСԽƢ жͲ Ҫ·ѪѪ֤εʮðҶƢж ֹѪ

อ֤ پͬǿƢθ Ҫԣ 硶˺ۡȷ  н󶬡 棬 4ζҩ˲Ρ ʲݡ ס 棩ΪƢ֮Ʒ ҪԡرԵ ˲ ䷽ǰǡ˺ۡƢθ 麮

ʧζµƢθ䣬 ͬҪ˻Ƣ θ ˺ · ̫֤Ρ “º 鷳ߡ ߣ طߵ а” [6]92 ú· ظ θ֮ͣ ȣ θ “” [6]92 а˼ ˼ӸʲС

4.3 θΪƼԤ֮Ҫ ڼԤ 󼰵У עرθΪҪ 硶˺ ·֤ΡƪУ “ ߣ ” [6]182 ԰עԻ “ ֮ ¶ԡ θ룬 ” ɼ θ˥£ Ԥ󲢲 ֹ [16] پڡ˺ۡƲʱ ʱ Ҳעأ “̫ ʱ δ” 9 “ ʱ ” 193 “ ʱ ” 272ȣ 硢 δѧ˵ʮ֧У ʱҲҪ ʢ ˥ [17] ġ󱸼м ʹ ĸʹķ ֢״ ϵ θʹ “ĸʹ жң ޽Ϊ⋯⋯ ҪΣ Դ Ҳ” [18] ͬ˼Ԥ׶εƵĹؼ ã θԴΡ



ɴ˿ɼ Ƣθѧ˵ǵʵ γרϵ سǰѴ ڹƢθļأ ʱڵ֮г Ƣθܡ Ƶȷ ݡ ڴ˹У ͨ˵ԭʼҽƻ ٴʵ Ƣθѧ˵۳ɹٴƷ չ ˺ۡ ͡Ҫԡ ǽͻһ ص ʱڵƢθѧ˵ٴרƣ ΪƢθѧ˵İټ춨˻ ݹʱڣ ˻Ƣθ˼Ϊ ҽӣ ȷƢθѧ˵ʼγɣ ͣƢθһอϣ ȱƢθ อϵ ҲΪƢθѧ˵ϵͳ ۵ ɼִƢθ “” “Ƕ” [19-20] ȴ۵ķ չ˿ռ䡣 ˣ Ƣθѧ˵γΪ䷢չڷ 춨˼ʵĻ



[1] .У.̨:,1994:25
[2] .̴ҽѧĻʷ.Ϻ:Ϻѧ,2005: 100-101
[3] ս·Խ.Ƶ۰ʮһѾ.ߵ,,Уע.: ѧԷ,2007
[4] ·..Ϻ:ӡ,1956
[5] ·Ԫ.Դ.ʮ.Ϻ:Ϻѧ ,1990
[6] .˺Уע.:,1991
[7] ΰ,.˺ۡƢθԭ. лҽҩ־,2012,27(1):27-28
[8] ·پ.Ҫ.,ƻ,.: ,2005
[9] ѩ̦.оอҩҪУע֤.:ҽ ,2008:38
[10] ·˼.ҽضٲ——ǧҪ., ũ,Уע.:ij,2008
[11] ·Ǯ.Сҩֱ֤.Ƽ,ſ,ע.Ͼ:տ ѧ,1983
[12] ҽ,.ǮҵƢθı֤ϵ.лҽ ҩ־,2013,28(12):3487-3489
[13] ·.йҽѧ——Уע.·Ѧի, Уע.Ϻ:Ϻѧ,1990
[14] ־,ƽ,,.ƵھƢθѧ˵. ҽҩ,2010,39(4):49-50
[15] .̸˺ۡеƢθѧ˵˼.ҽ̳,1986, 1(1):9-11
[16] ·԰.˺dzע.:ѧ, 1987:142
[17] ȽȽ.˺ۡƢθѧ˵̽.ҽҩ,2012,32(3): 220-221
[18] ·.󱸼.:,1963
[19] ,,.“”“”“” ήθ.йҽҽѧ־,2012,18(10): 1098-1099
[20] ΰ,,С.ûǽⶾߢҪ. ӱҽ,2011,33(4):511-513

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